Direct Position Determination Based on Joint Spatial-Temporal PARAFAC Decomposition

This paper investigates the direct position determination (DPD) problem employing both direction of arrival (DOA) and time of arrival (TOA). We propose a joint spatial-temporal processing framework with multiple base stations to intercept the transmitted signal synchronously. Moreover, the PARAllel FACtor (PARAFAC) decomposition is explored to estimate the spatial-temporal manifold matrix and thereafter generate the targets' position. In addition, numerical examples are analysed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results indicate that the proposed method has superior performance, especially in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenarios.