Green Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles and Their Usage for The Adsorption of Ni (II) Ions in Water

In recent years, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained substantial attention due to its eco-friendly and sustainable nature. A cost-effective and eco-friendly technique was employed to synthesize magnetite nanoparticles
$(\text{Fe}3\mathrm{O}_{4}$
NPs) using Rhus coriaria L. seed extract as a reducing, capping and stabilizing agent. A quantity of 5 mg of
$\text{Fe}3\mathrm{O}_{4}$
NPs was introduced into 50 ml of the synthetically contaminated water containing 20 gm/L
$\text{Ni}^{+2}$
ions. After the reaction, the nanoparticles were separated from the medium by a powerful magnet. FTIR, UV-vis spectroscopy, SEM-EDX, XRF and XRD were used to analyze the extract components and
$\text{Fe}3\mathrm{O}_{4}$
NPs purity, stability, crystalline structure, and composition. The findings revealed that the
$\text{Ni}^{+2}$
ions were adsorbed on the surface of magnetite nanoparticles. According to the data obtained by UV-vis spectroscopy and XRF, the treated water sample is within the drinking water standard limits. Despite the simplicity of the application and the efficiency of magnetite nanoparticles for detoxifying water contaminated with
$\text{Ni}^{+2}$
ions. The consequences of this study emphasized that magnetite NPs could be easily eliminated from the medium by an external magnet for recycling and reusing several times. Furthermore, this process could be used for the extraction of heavy metal ions on an industrial scale. Therefore, additional research is needed to evaluate and utilize magnetite nanoparticles in the field of water and wastewater treatment.