Towards QoS-Aware Quantum Networks

Quality of Service (QoS) has been studied in classic networks to support various applications. Due to the unique prop-erties of quantum networks, like entanglement and superposition, the definition and requirements of QoS in quantum networks differ significantly from classical networks. Limited work has been done from the application side to investigate these differences. Moreover, quantum applications exhibit distinct service requirements compared to traditional network applications, such as the need for quantum state preservation and fidelity requirements. Therefore, this work aims to analyze and model various quantum applications to identify the fundamental services required in quantum networks to provide application-specific QoS. We further propose a novel QoS routing framework, called Q2R, for quantum networks to demonstrate a possible method to achieve QoS via routing. Q2R computes feasible paths for each request and meets the fidelity and number of qubits requirements. With our framework, we can allocate resources more efficiently and our scheduling algorithm also considers fairness among different requests.