Communication-Efficient Personalized Federated Learning for Green Communications in IoMT

The rapid development of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has brought about an enormous amount of healthcare data. Effectively and securely processing this sensitive data has become a significant challenge for green communication and privacy protection of the IoMT. As a decentralized learning framework, Federate learning (FL) enables model training without directly aggregating users' raw data, thus ensuring user privacy protection. Moreover, numerous studies have put forth various approaches to enhance the efficiency of FL by minimizing communication costs, yet they may not fully account for the unique characteristics of IoMT. Specifically, the efficiency and performance of model training are closely related to patient life and health. Meanwhile, existing research has indicated that reducing communication costs can result in a decline in training accuracy, which may be critical to patient health. Therefore, aimed at green communication and ensuring the model accuracy, we design a communication-efficient personalized federated learning framework, namely pFedCAS. Specifically, we introduce a control unit, which enables adaptive sparsity of local models, to reduce training costs. Furthermore, a selection unit based on communication quality is added into the global aggregation, which can select suitable clients for model updating. Simulation results validate that the proposed method can significantly reduce communication costs while ensuring the model accuracy. Additionally, The simulation results also validate the excellent robustness of our method to non-iid healthcare data.