MD-JoSAR Imaging System and Application Based on Multidimensional Joint Spatial Observations

The scattering characteristics of ground objects are closely related to multiple dimensions such as time, frequency band, polarization, and observation angle. However, traditional one-dimensional Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) cannot obtain data containing multiple dimensions, which seriously limits the performance of image interpretation and recognition. The airborne multi-dimensional joint observation SAR (MD-JoSAR) system can obtain multi band, multi polarization, multi angle, and multi time data products with temporal, spatial, and image consistency. It fully utilizes the rich multidimensional scattering characteristics of ground targets, combined with multidimensional observation information, to achieve more accurate imaging of complex structures. This is of great significance for target recognition and image interpretation.This article provides an overview of the technical characteristics of airborne multidimensional observation systems, as well as on-site data collection and related preliminary experimental results. By comparing the SAR images obtained by the system in different bands, the vegetation mapping ability of the radar system is verified. The new MD-JoSAR system adopts lightweight design technology and is loaded onto the onboard platform of the Xinzhou aircraft, achieving coordination and cooperation between various wave band subsystems and dimensional joint subsystems. It can monitor the status and control working parameters of the six wave bands P, L, S, C, X, and Ka in real-time, achieving multi-dimensional spatiotemporal consistency. The new system is mainly aimed at practical needs such as forestry monitoring, agricultural survey, and surveying, and has broad application prospects in fields such as geological disaster assessment, natural resource monitoring, national defense, and security. By using multidimensional signal processing methods to fit the complete scattering feature image of the target in four spatial coordinates of polarization, frequency, angle, and time, the multi-dimensional distribution of target scattering feature changes in space and physics can be accurately described, which is of great significance for fine change monitoring of weak targets.