A W-band Hybrid Vector-modulated and Reflective-type Phase Shifter in 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS

This paper presents a high-precision Hybrid Vector-Modulated and Reflective-Type Phase Shifter (HVM-RTPS) in the W band. The phase shifter generates orthogonal differential signals using a four-way IQ orthogonal generator and obtains signals in eight quadrants through amplitude weighting. A balun-type power combiner is employed to synthesize the four signals and eliminate impedance mismatch, thereby achieving phase shift in eight quadrants. Additionally, the reflective phase shifter can provide high-precision phase shift within a range of 45°. Analysis demonstrates that the proposed mixed vector synthesis and reflective phase shifter consistently delivers high-precision phase shift performance. To verify the concept, the hybrid VM-RTPS is implemented using 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology, with a core chip area of 0.48 mm
²
. Measurement results indicate that it can achieve high-precision 8-bit phase shift operation (i.e., RMS phase error < 0.3°) and low gain error within the frequency band of 92–96 GHz.