Self-adaptive Reconfigurable Multifunctional Metasurface

With the powerful capability of dynamically manipulating electromagnetic (EM) wave, reconfigurable metasurfaces (RMs) have attracted much attention and enabled the creation of various EM devices, such as beam-steering transmitters, EM illusion devices, invisibility cloaks, etc. However, most of the previous RMs lack the ability to perceive the target EM wave that needs to be manipulated and require manual controls with the varying target wave. Here, an intelligent, reconfigurable, wide-angle, and multifunctional reflective metasurface for TM-polarized wave is reported. It consists of a RM, a direction of arrival (DOA) estimation module, and a RM control module. The RM is composed of multiple rows of resonant units arranged at equal intervals. Each unit is equipped with a varactor diode to tune its reflection phase by controlling the bias voltage. The DOA estimation module is configured on the RM to automatically identify the DOA of the target EM wave in real time. Then, the RM control module, composed of a microprocessor and a bias voltage supply module, is used to self-adaptively adjust the bias voltage on each row of units and thus manipulate the reflected wave in 1D space, according to the information obtained by the DOA module and the desired function. Multiple functions including retroreflection, directive reflection, and fixed-point focusing in a wide incident angle range, have been demonstrated by full-wave simulations. The proposed intelligent reflective metasurface shows great potential applications in radar radomes, remote sensing, and communication systems.