Design of UWB Bow-tie Antenna for High Power Electromagnetic Environment Monitoring

Based on the application scenario of high-power electromagnetic environment monitoring, an ultra-wideband bowtie antenna with structure loading and resistance loading is designed. The two vibrators of the bow-tie antenna are printed on both sides of the dielectric substrate. The end of the triangular oscillator of the traditional bow-tie antenna is elliptically loaded first, and then the elliptically loaded oscillator is slits and loaded with resistances. This can not only effectively expand the bandwidth, but also reduce the antenna size. In this paper, the factors that have great influence on antenna bandwidth performance, such as slits position, slits width, resistance value, resistance position, are analyzed and optimized. The optimized antenna radiation characteristics, pattern characteristics and the maximum field intensity are simulated. The simulation results show that the VSWR of the antenna is less than 2 in the 2–21.7 GHz band, the relative bandwidth is up to 166%; the maximum acceptable incident field strength is 113.8 kV/m, which meets the application requirements of high power scenarios; in the working frequency band, the horizontal direction of low frequency band has good omnidirectional, while the horizontal direction pattern of high frequency band has distortion but omnidirectional as a whole; the overall size is 43 mm × 37 mm × 1 mm. Compared with other existing antennas, the antenna designed in this paper has advantages in miniaturization, ultra-wideband and high power handling capacity, which make it suitable for high power electromagnetic environment monitoring applications.