Research on the Application of Comprehensive Physical Exploration in the Detection of Heavy Metal Contaminated Sites — Take the Case of Jijie Town in Yunnan Province as an Example

Smelting slag deposits at an abandoned lead and zinc smelter in Indochina pose a threat to the safety of the surrounding environment. Rainfall infiltration is the main pathway of heavy metal migration and enrichment in surface soil, related to heavy metal ions transported by water as a medium, and undesirable geological bodies such as water-bearing karsts and fissures increase the risk of downward transport and infiltration of heavy metal pollutants from the surface. This time, taking the farmland area in the impact zone of the abandoned smelter as the study area, we applied the physical exploration methods such as Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Induced Polarization method and Ground-Penetrating Radar method in combination with the regional geological data, and explored the effectiveness of the above physical exploration methods in the study of the content and distribution of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) in the soil contaminated with heavy metals. Moreover, through the above geophysical exploration method, the location scale and type of underground undesirable geological bodies in the farmland in the heavy metal pollution area are obtained, which provide effective underground structure information for the hydrodynamic simulation of heavy metal ion migration and diffusion in the area and the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.