The Proposal of an AI Policy Maturity Model

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies pose a governance challenge, critical to which is the recent introduction of the Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) by the European Commission. This research proposes an AI Policy Maturity Model to understand the differences of European Union (EU) Member States approaches. We conducted a review of national AI policy instruments across 26 EU countries, focusing on their alignment with AIA’s requirements. The results highlight a heterogeneous landscape within Member States, which our model distinguishes into four groups from Emerging to Leading levels. France and Spain emerge as examples of proactive policy implementation. Our proposed AI Policy Maturity Model offers insights into AI policy within the EU, emphasizing the need for a harmonized regulatory framework and continuous policies that can keep pace with AI advancements and promote European development in AI.