Integrated Sensing and Communication Waveform Design for mmWave Vehicular Networks: A Subcarrier Classified Modulation Approach

Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is a potential application technology to share wireless communication spectrum resources between communication and radar systems. This paper considers the waveform design of an ISAC mmWave vehicular network. We aim to optimize the communication performance in this scenario. In this paper, we show that the communication performance is dependent on the modulation of the waveform subcarriers, and design an optimal waveform based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal. In particular, we propose a subcarrier-classified modulation approach, which formulates the waveform design problem as subcarrier division, sensing parameter computation, as well as BER rate optimization. We show theoretically and with simulation that this approach satisfies sensing accuracy and optimizes the communication performance compared to the waveforms designed in this scenario as proposed in the literature.