A Systematic Review of Causal Analysis in Power Systems: Principles, Application, and Prospects

Causal relationships are a scientific research method used to describe relationships between variable data, allowing for the excavation of the deep logic and operational mechanisms behind phenomena. The integration of causal relationships as a means of data analysis in the field of power systems improves the accuracy and efficiency of power systems analysis and operation. This paper presents the definition and origin of causal relationships and the principles of main causal analysis models. It overviews the application of causal relationships in power systems fault diagnosis, energy prediction, stability analysis, and the electricity market. Finally, it looks forward to the development prospects of causal relationships in combination with power physics models and artificial intelligence, promoting the construction of a reliable and intelligent new power systems under the penetration of renewable sources.