Inconsistency analysis of an electrical-thermal-aging coupled model for parallel battery packs in an air cooling system

To meet the power and range requirements of electric vehicles, parallel modules are widely used in onboard battery systems. The performance of lithium-ion battery modules depends not only on thermal management systems but also on the configuration of connections within the modules. In this paper, we establish an electrical-thermal-aging coupled simulation platform that considers the interaction between current feedback, heat transfer characteristics, and internal parameters of the battery within an air-cooled system. Simulations were conducted on the module connected to the TOP-inlet under the baseline configuration to analyze the inconsistency among individual cells in terms of current, temperature, and aging.