Resilience Enhancement of Renewable Energy High Penetration Power Systems

The increasing permeability of renewable energy stands out as a prominent trend in the evolution of modern power systems. Nevertheless, the frequent occurrence of severe climate conditions and the vulnerability of renewable power constitute a significant obstacle to the resilience of electricity systems. Acting as a pivotal technology supporting renewables, energy storage systems play a crucial role in fortifying the resilience of power systems. Existing research on energy storage systems that enhance resilience is mostly ground-based and only addresses short-term need. This study introduces a method to enhance recovery capacity of electric networks featuring a sizable permeability of renewable power, focusing on underground energy storage systems (UESS). To begin with, formulate an assessment model for resilience, wherein the impact of severe climate conditions is measured by the breakdown frequencies of electric grid modules. Subsequently, a two-layer optimal model is developed to govern the operation and planning of UESS in the face of extreme weather conditions, taking into account the life cycle of the underground energy storage systems. Finally, utilizing a 9-node power system with a high permeability of renewable energy as a case study, present the optimal configuration and operation scheme for UESS and analyze the investment and benefits. The findings highlight that UESS can notably bolster the resilience of power systems during extreme weather events.