Deformation Monitoring Based on Millimeter-Wave Beam Scanning Algorithm

Deformation monitoring plays a crucial role in structural engineering and materials science. Through the continuous monitoring of structural deformation, early detection of abnormal deformation helps to prevent accidents and disasters, and we can monitor deformation by measuring displacement. With the advancement of B5G, millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication, We can use mmWave to sense. Millimeter waves have a larger bandwidth and shorter wavelength, thus allowing for more accurate ranging and estimated displacement. However, to ensure communication, beamforming is used in mmWave systems. Therefore, beam alignment is first required to obtain channel state information (CSI) for estimating the exact displacement. To address these issues, this paper presents a low-complexity beam scanning algorithm based on swarm intelligence to assist in deformation monitoring. Then, we collect CSI for displacement estimation after beam alignment. Finally, the algorithm is verified on the constructed software radio system. The experimental results show that the system achieves accurate target direction determination and centimeter-level ranging accuracy.