Incorporating Fairness in Transmission and Energy Storage Planning Utilizing Min-Max Formulation for Load Shedding Operations

With expansion in the electricity grid being inevitable, it is necessary to consider equity in these planning measures. Currently, investigating the incorporation of equity in power systems focuses on the energy affordability/economic side of power systems. In this study, we consider the Min-Max fairness metric, common to communication studies, to introduce equity in a general transmission expansion and energy storage system (ESS) planning problem. We consider two different vulnerability indices to assess load shedding in two different formulations. The state of California is considered for this study as many of its counties are vulnerable to load shedding events during wildfire season. Case studies are performed on a modified IEEE 30-bus test system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model considering various Public Safety Power-Shutoff (PSPS) events in California.