The Role of Cognitive Radio in Optimizing Spectrum Utilization

Spectrum optimization is a key objective in wireless communication as data-intensive services proliferate. Cognitive radio technology, which handles airwaves smartly and flexiblely, may solve this problem. Cognitive radio's role in spectrum optimization is examined in this article. We examine the technology's theoretical and practical applications. Cognitive radio technology aims to make radios “smart” enough to “think,” “learn,” and “self-optimize” to maximize airwave consumption. For years, static spectrum distribution and underutilized airwaves have been issues. Cognitive radios' reading, figuring, and acting talents might revolutionize spectrum allocation. In this work, we discuss “Dynamic Spectrum Allocation (DSA) with Cognitive Radio.” Decision-making, spectrum sensing, and spectrum allocation are combined. This strategy outperforms others in our controlled testbed trials. Cognitive radio excels in spectrum reading, decisionmaking, and spectrum allocation, demonstrating its spectrum management potential. In our study, we discuss the laws and restrictions that govern cognitive radio usage in shared spectrum bands. It emphasizes the FCC's role in crafting these regulations. The IEEE 802.22 standard for Wireless Regional Area Networks in TV White Spaces has made cognitive radio technology more practical.