A Robust Hybrid Digital Watermarking Approach Using DCT-Fast RSVD For Medical and Non-Medical Applications

Medical image watermarking (MIW) is a widely used method today to confirm the validity of medical data. This paper proposes a hybrid, robust, semi-blind and imperceptible MIW system using the Discrete Cosine System (DCT) and Fast Randomized Singular Value Decomposition (FRSVD) with less computational complexity and computational time; relevant to both medical and non-medical images. Multiple scans and assessment matrices are used to evaluate the efficacy of the suggested technique, and it is compared to cutting-edge methodologies. The procedure obtained a maximum Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 81.71 dB, Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) of 1, and Normalized Coefficient (NC) value of 1 for all the attacks. The suggested scheme achieved a meager embedding time and extraction time; 0.1638 seconds and 0.0955 seconds, respectively.