Remote Monitoring and Health Diagnosis of Distribution Transformers Based Lora Apply to Rural Areas of Vietnam

Distribution transformers are an important component of the power grid in the distribution of electricity-to-electricity consumers. Regular monitoring of the condition of the transformer in operating conditions can help to quickly diagnose the health of the transformer promptly to take measures to extend the life of the transformer. This paper presents an IoT application solution for building a remote monitoring system of transformer vibration. The transformer's data is sent to the Power Company via LoRa wireless network from a long distance. The research points to the advantages of LoRa networks over other data transfer technologies, especially when applied in electricity distribution grids in rural areas of Vietnam. In addition, the study has proposed to apply a hybrid model to optimally calculate the number of network nodes equipped with 4G mobile network modules to meet the requirements. The requirements for latency and investment costs are the most reasonable.