Optimal PV Sizing of the PV-Based Battery Swapping Stations on the Radial Distribution System using Whale Optimization Algorithm

The battery swapping station (BSS) is essential for Electric Bus (E-Bus) service to save charging time, and the electric bus can provide uninterrupted service. The E-Bus BSS requires a lot of electricity to charge the replaced battery. Therefore, renewable energy is applied to generate electricity for the BSS. This paper proposes the optimization of PV power generation systems on E-Bus BSS. The WOA technique is applied for the optimization of PV power generation systems. The simulation results showed that the optimal value of the WOA technique yielded a PV sizing of 0.85 MW. The PV power generation system installation can reduce the energy loss by 1.2109 MWh and have a minimum voltage level of 0.9873 p.u. In addition, PV power generation systems can help reduce the use of electricity from the grid.