Radio Propagation Measurements and Channel Characterization in High-Voltage Substation Scenarios at 3.35 GHz

An in-depth and accurate knowledge of the radio channel is vital to support the application of wireless communication networks in power Internet of Things (PIoT). In this paper, we investigate the radio propagation measurements and channel characterization for typical substation scenarios. The propagation measurements at 3.35 GHz have been performed in three high-voltage substation scenarios, involving a 10 kV switch room, a 110 kV gas insulated substation (GIS) room and an outdoor 220 kV substation. Based on the measured data, both large-scale and small-scale fading characteristics of substation channels are extracted and analyzed. Empirical models of path loss and shadow fading are proposed, and results of Ricean K-factor and root-mean-square (RMS) delay spread are presented. These results will provide a valuable reference for the deployment and evolution of wireless communication networks in high-voltage substation scenarios for PIoT.