Blockchain-based Smart Contract in Service-Oriented Business Processes

Service systems' business processes show the existence of mutual interaction between users. Running a particular business subdomain requires the role of each user. This role is in line with the concept contained in blockchain-based smart contracts. However, determining the subdomains that require smart contract coding is challenging in developing business processes that will run on the blockchain. We aim to determine the service-oriented business process (in the case of marketplace service) and the subdomain of the business process that requires smart contract coding. This article is essential because it shows how developing IT services without a smart contract differs from developing IT services with a smart contract. The main differences between developing services that need smart contracts and those that do not are that certain process can be run automatically and the record of activity in blockchain cannot be changed by anyone (tamper-proof). We outlined methods for designing marketplace business processes and defined subdomains to be encoded into smart contract code. After reviewing the three marketplace platforms, we determined eight subdomains of the marketplace business process. Two subdomains require smart contract coding from eight, namely the payment and complaint subdomains.

I. Introduction

Currently, digital-based service systems are increasingly widespread in the era of internet advancement. For example, marketplace service is one of the services passed through the network. The marketplace in this network is known as an “e-marketplace” or “online marketplace”. Nonetheless, the increasingly massive development of the online market has caused the term “marketplace” to be used more widely for the online market. Today's familiar marketplaces in Indonesia, such as tokopedia.com, bukalapak.com, and shopee.co.id, are well-known for providing services for users to open stores and buy products online. Store owners in the marketplace are known as sellers, and customers are known as buyers.