Proposal of a DX method for lathe operation practical training with respect to motivation and an operative sense of agency

This paper proposes a guideline to design digital educational materials for lathe operation practical training, where students operate devices using their physical bodies. The guideline was created based on a model of how each stage of the learning process is satisfied. Examinations revealed that motivation, orientation, internalization, and externalization facilitate the acquisition of knowledge and are effective in relieving concerns and further promoting the interest of students.