The vertical stratification (mixed propagation path: land-lake) effect on the electromagnetic fileds of lightning initiated to the CN tower

In this paper, the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method (FDTD) is used to analyze the effect of vertical stratified ground on the electromagnetic fields of lightning initiated to the Canadian National (CN) tower in Toronto, Canada. the propagation path considered is made up of ground and a lake, adopted from the actual structure around the CN tower. The land-lake interface is characterized by right angle. The electromagnetic fields are calculated above and under-ground for different scenarios. The obtained results show, for the considered distances from the interface land-lake (dl=2m), that the two electric field components above the ground surface are affected by the vertical stratification, and that under the ground the vertical stratification effect can be neglected. The azimuthal magnetic field is not affected.