IoT Based Postoperative Heart Disease Patient Monitoring System

The heart is an important organ of the human body because it functions as a pump, giving oxygen and nutrients to the body while also carrying metabolic waste such as carbon dioxide to the lungs. As a result, the health of the heart is vital in the human body. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to a group of ailments that affect the heart or blood arteries and is one of the leading causes of death globally. Adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence is increasing in Bangladesh, as it is in many other nations. CVD is often regarded as a serious public health problem on a global scale. Cardiovascular instability is responsible for the majority of postoperative problems and significantly increases postoperative mortality compared to intraoperative mortality. The elderly patient with pre-existing cardiac disease has a greater risk of surgical complications. To avoid this danger, it is critical to monitor the heart. The majority of previously established systems for monitoring heart problems are incapable of providing cost-effective real-time heart monitoring while also detecting real-time environmental conditions. To solve this problem, a real-time postoperative heart disease patient monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) was created. The developed product is cost-effective, simple to use, and portable. It will enable the user to measure many heart parameter indices at the same time and present the findings in a mobile application. The system is constructed in such a manner that it is accessible to anybody. Numerous analog sensors are utilized in conjunction with the Arduino UNO to monitor various heart characteristics. The electrocardiography (ECG) sensor, the pulse oximeter sensor, the temperature sensor, and the humidity sensor are all used to monitor the heart in this system. A temperature and humidity sensor are utilized to determine the ambient state. A Bluetooth module is utilized to link the Arduino to a mobile device in order to monitor postoperative cardiac disease patients' heart activity characteristics. The approach was investigated and validated with a number of individuals. The system continuously monitors many people in order to assess and identify heart activity in real-time. The findings are shown on the serial monitor of the Arduino as well as on the mobile application. The data processing capabilities of the system may reveal cardiac activity in some of the people being tracked, as well as the cause of heart disease. This study also examines individuals who are not at risk of developing cardiac problems based on the data gathered. This study will aid everyone in gaining a better understanding of postoperative cardiac issues, as well as how to recognize and avoid them.