Effects of Ground Trimming and Feedline Extension in Designing A Microstrip Patch Antenna for RF Applications

Radio-frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) has attracted significant interest as one of the methods of enabling a battery-free sustainable wireless IoT system. Rectenna comes in handy in scavenging an amount of energy at a specific range of frequency, radiation-to-ac harvesting. In that sense, however, not a single antenna managed to perform perfectly for various distinct cases and even in its own one considering its limitations and dynamic parameters. This study proposed a microstrip patch antenna that is designed particularly to operate at 915 MHz frequency utilizing the ground trimming and feedline extension technique to cover the changes of the printed one’s parameter. The analysis of the 79.1 mm $\times$ 69 mm microstrip patch antenna showed a return loss of -16.664 dB and a VSWR of 1.3437 at a frequency of 915 MHz. The implemented antenna has a wide operating frequency from 742.21 MHz to 1549.2 MHz although it has a higher input impedance of 56.3 ohms. In conclusion, this antenna can work with various RFEH sources at a wider frequency band.