Dynamics of Online Learning during COVID-19 in Indonesia: Bibliometric Analysis and Future Research Agenda

Indonesia implemented the online learning system during COVID-19. These changes were associated with the country’s vast and archipelago-shaped area. Therefore, this research aimed to examine online learning publication trend during the pandemic using bibliometric analysis. The results showed that 2021 had the most publications on online learning during the pandemic, with 259. The frequently used keywords included online learning (n = 95), COVID-19 (n = 71), and e-learning (n = 70). Santoso HB had the most publications with 14 documents, while Junus K and Sulisworo D had 7. Jakarta State University had the most publications, including 8 documents, 8 citations, and 23 link strengths. Ahmad Dahlan University had 6 documents, 9 citations, and 1 link strength. Indonesia and Malaysia had the most collaborations with 29 publications. Future research can be developed using motivational learning and the post-COVID-19 school system as keywords. Furthermore, this research provided a thematic trend visualization map for future research to develop educational concepts and policies on online learning, specifically in archipelagic countries such Indonesia.