Direct Position Determination Using Direct Signals and First-Order Reflections by Exploiting the Multipath Environment

This paper introduces a novel subspace-based Direct Position Determination (DPD) approach named Multipath-DPD to localize the source passively from the raw array data representing the direct signals and the first-order reflections in a multipath environment. The multipath propagation is modeled based on the Image-Source Method (ISM). This method takes advantage of the known urban environment and overcomes ambiguity issues, appropriate modeling and assignment of bearing measurements inherent in bearing-based localization approaches. Simulation results show that the proposed Multipath-DPD outperforms the classical DPD in the considered scenarios and demonstrates an asymptotic behavior to the derived Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB).