Analysis of Routing Protocols OLSR, AODV and ZRP in Real Urban Vehicular Scenario with Density Variation

Currently, simulators are used to analyze the behavior of vehicular networks. In this research, three routing protocols were compared for behavioral and performance analysis in the urban environment. The proactive, reactive and hybrid protocols were applied in the simulator NS2 (Network Simulator), and made a study with TCP and UDP transport protocols applied with varying cars density. The results show that the proactive OLSR protocol obtained the greatest reduction of overhead, the AODV reactive protocol obtained better performance for the transfer rate at the TCP level. In addition, the hybrid protocol ZRP obtained the best results referring to the reduction of the latency and increase of the rate of delivery. Thus, it has been shown to be a potential protocol to be applied to cars density variation in systems that require high scalability as critical applications for vehicular networks.