Analysis Patch Stack Microstrip Antenna for Low Elevation of Mobile Satellite Communications

This paper presents the design and performance analysis of patch stack six patches as receiver and transmitter become one configuration of triangular microstrip array antenna both simulation and measurement results at low elevation,
$\text{El}=48^{\mathrm{o}}$
and at frequency target 2.5025 GHz and 2.6575 GHz. In this time, we compare the receiver (Rx) and the transmitter (Tx) of this antenna, especially the values of frequency characteristic, input impedances, and radiation pattern. Also, we add the PET radome for Rx to be analyzed its effect toward the antenna performance. The method of moments is used considering an infinite ground analysis. The input impedances of this antenna in calculation and measurement both at 2.5025 GHz for Rx and at 2.6575 GHz for Tx are closed to
$50 \Omega$
or about
$33.07+\mathrm{j}2.68\Omega$
and about 35.17
$+\mathrm{i}1.79\Omega$
and about
$32.02 + \mathrm{i}16.44 \Omega$
and
$31.2 +\mathrm{j}2.22\Omega$
, respectively. Moreover, the radiation pattern, especially the elevation cut-plane at El
$=48^{\mathrm{o}}$
for six patches of Rx around 0.007 dB and 0.1 dB of axial ratio and 7.2 dBic and 7.1 dBic of gain. While for Tx about dB and 1.2 dB of axial ratio and 5.9 and 5.8 of gain. Moreover, when using a sized PET radome 22 x 11, the performance of antenna, especially the elevation angle which shift from
$\text{El} =38^{\mathrm{o}}$
to
$\text{El }=58^{\mathrm{o}}$
at
$\mathrm{f}=2.5025$
GHz (Rx) yields the gain more than 5 dBic and the axial ratio less than 3 dB. Here, the antenna performance does not be affected in significant value.