Current Distribution in Flat Transparent Antennas

The theory of transparent antennas made of flat Indium Tin Oxide thin films is derived and their properties are analyzed. The methodology for finding the current distribution along such antennas for different values of the film conductivity is presented. It is shown that decreasing the conductivity of the radiating element leads to transition of the current distribution from cosine to exponential decay. Various conditions and configurations are investigated on how to slow and minute the current decay and radiation energy loss. Several configurations are studied such as narrow, self-complementary and thin antennas. It is found that for wide antennas, when the antenna's width is of the order of a quarter wavelength, the current decays slower. However, while for monopole antennas with multiple quarter wavelengths, current distributions decay slower, in case of fractals of widths of quarter wavelengths, the current distributions exhibits faster decays. Equivalently, to widths widening of the antennas effect, decreasing resistivities of the material by just a single unit of Ohms has profound effect on slowing down the current decays.