Design and Optimization of Nano-Optical Isolators Based on Irregular Arrangements of Dielectric Rods

Design and optimization of efficient and compact nano-optical isolators based on irregular arrays of dielectric rods are presented. These designs allow electromagnetic waves to propagate in single direction and prevent them from propagating in the opposite direction. This way, high forward transmission is achieved, while the main source is protected from reflected waves. Effective optimization algorithms are integrated with the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA), a fast and accurate full-wave numerical solver, to design efficient isolators composed of different arrangements of dielectric elements with controlled forward and backward transmissions.