Numerical SAR SEA-ICE Modeling and Surface Backscattering Properties Based on Energy Scattering Distribution Computation

In this paper, sea-ice surface backscattering properties from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) point of view has been investigated. The backscattering profile extraction was part of a forward numerical modeling procedure in which sea state contribution to ocean wave scatterings were analyzed. The proposed modeling was implemented based on JONSWAP energy formulation, which was modified in the presence of ice floes by cosine-power Gamma probability distribution function (PDF). The simulation results show that sea state conditions including wind direction and speed, have a direct impact on ice thickness and fluctuation, defining its backscattering properties. Despite limitations such as calculation complexities, dimensionality, and variables that are hard to assess due to harsh access to polar regions, the proposed model reduces reliance on empirical instructions and provide a dataset for future remote sensor developments.