Steady-state Flow Analysis of District Heating System Using the Holomorphic Embedding

It's well recognized that integrated energy system (IES) has been paid widespread attention in recent years. District heating system (DHS) is one of the essential components of IES. In steady-state flow analysis of DHS, the conventional Newton-Rapson (NR) method and its variants may suffer from divergence, which arise the issue that if the solution exist or the method cannot find it. To overcome this drawback, the holomorphic embedding (HE) method has been proposed. This paper proposes a steady-state and linear flow model of DHS and then applies a HE-based method to solve the problem. By embedding a complex variable to the flow equations and solving the embedded equations, the solution of the problem is obtained. The case study shows that the proposed method is valid to solve the flow problem of DHS and its numerical performance is identical to the conventional NR method.