Broadband Microwave Electroporation Device for the Analysis of the Influence of Frequency, Temperature and Electrical Field Strength

In this paper, a broadband microwave device for cell poration is presented, that enables the analysis of the relation between frequency, electrical field strengths and temperature for a successful cell poration. Electromagnetic-thermal coupled simulations in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 10 GHz show that the device reaches electrical field strengths of 100 V/cm and temperatures lower then 40°C. Electroporation experiments with adherent C2C12 mouse myoblast cells show successful uptake of an anti-histone
$\gamma$
-H2A.X nanobody at a frequency of 10 GHz. This MWP device allows the fast electro-poration of adherent cells. After 15 min, the cells show uptake of
$\gamma$
-H2A.X-specific nanobody while most of them survived.