Aging Simulation of Lead-acid Battery Based on Numerical Electrochemical Model

At present, most of the uninterruptible power supplies in the DC system of substations in China use valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries, and most of the batteries are far from reaching the theoretical charge and discharge of 1,000 to 1,500 cycles. In this paper, the electrochemical mechanism model is used to study the performance aging of lead-acid batteries in substations. The lead-acid battery electrochemical model is proposed based on the porous electrode theory and the dilute solution theory. From the perspective of the reaction mechanism, processes such as charge conservation, electrode kinetics, liquid-phase diffusion, liquid-phase potential balance and solid-phase potential balance are considered. With this model, the self-discharging and porosity decreasing are simulated to study the capacity aging. The results show that the numerical model has high simulation accuracy, which lays a foundation for the analysis of degradation of retired lead-acid batteries.