Route Optimization of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs)

A VANET is a vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-roadside unit communication network. The affirmation of reducing road accidents, fuel-saving, post-crash notifications are given by VANETs. A vehicle Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is an active and self-arranging network being used in the intelligent transportation system for a wide range of purposes. Multiple routing protocols are utilized to create paths between two separate nodes. For information or data packet transfer, we employed the AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector) AODV protocol and the ACO (Ant Colony Optimization) technique. When there are multiple nodes in a network that need to communicate, the AODV protocol is used. This protocol can automatically restore itself when there is any damage in links. So, this protocol is widely used as it can be applied because there will be more traffic in daily life. This paper is mainly based on establishing paths from sender node to receiver node by a multicasting approach and mainly focused on reducing the problem of congestion that occurs when a node carries more data than its actual capacity. The proposed solution generates an optimal path and improved throughput, packet delivery ratio, reduction in energy consumption, packet loss.