Family of Multifunctional Controllable Converters for Grid, Battery, and PV-Powered EV Charging Station Applications

A family of multi-port multifunctional converters suitable for grid and PV-powered electric vehicle charging stations with energy storage integration are introduced, designed, and simulated in this paper. These two-stage converters enable the EV charging station to charge connected EVs by three power sources (the utility grid, PV array, and Energy storage system) with flexible power management strategies. Six main and five extra operating modes are considered for the proposed converters to improve station reliability and reach low cost EV charging. The presented converters are capable of controlling active and reactive power during operating modes in which the grid works as a power source, the feature that enables the grid operator to control connected converters during peak hours. A dual-loop PI controller is explained which controls active and reactive power in addition to the input current waveform along with the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the input current is reduced (less than 5%). The paper presents the operation principle, steady-state analysis, and design considerations of proposed converters in addition to a solar-oriented power management strategy. In order to confirm system analysis the main converter is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and its behavior is investigated in all operating conditions.