Phase-Only Array Antenna Beamforming with Minimum Peak Sidelobe Level and Minimum Power Loss Criteria

In phase-only beamforming methods, it is possible to reduce the peak sidelobe level by applying the appropriate phases, despite applying the same amplitude to all array elements. Also, the power loss and beam widening effect resulting from amplitude windowing can be prevented in phaseonly methods. Of course, we often have a radiating power loss at the center of the antenna beam compared to the case of uniform amplitude conventional beamforming, which must be taken into account. In this paper, a new two-stage optimization method for phase-only beamforming has been proposed. In the proposed method, the peak sidelobe level and the power loss are minimized using a multi-objective optimization approach. The performance of the proposed method in terms of beamwidth and power loss is superior to amplitude windowing methods with the same peak sidelobe level. It can also be seen that the proposed optimization method performs better than the single-stage optimization methods for phase-only beamforming. Finally, simulation results are presented that confirm the above statements.