Response of the 3rd Nov 2021 storm over Cyprus and Russia

On 1-2 November several Earth-directed CMEs (coronal mass ejections) erupted from the Sun. Subsequently a CME from November 2 overtook the CME from November 1, and the combined event was first detected as a shock wave at 19:57 UTC by the DSCOVR solar wind monitor. Subsequently a strong compression of Earth’s magnetosphere due to this shock was detected at 21:29 UTC causing a G1 geomagnetic storm which later developed into a G2 geomagnetic storm and eventually to a G3 (strong storm level). In this study we investigate the ionospheric response over a narrow longitude range over the European sector during 3-4 November 2021.