A Case Study for the Optimal Residential Battery Size and Dispatch Control in the Energy Market Context in Romania

This study presents a technical and economic analysis for a photovoltaic and battery system configured for a household with electrical heating and cooling using an air-to-water heat pump. The analysis is performed for multiple scenarios, alternating between the building not having any system installed, having only the photovoltaic system, and having the photovoltaic system in combination with the battery. The case study considers the current electricity market design in Romania and an alternative one which could be implemented, where consumption is charged at time-of-use tariffs. The battery is dispatched by a predictive controller which has the objective of maximizing the revenues and savings which can be achieved by consuming the cheaper local production and by selling the excess to the grid. The results are interpreted in terms of net present value and discounted payback period. The analysis also shows that a proper optimal sizing of the battery shall be performed to obtain the maximum savings and revenues.