Dynamic Model of DC Commutator Motor Excited by Permanent Magnets, with Due Regard for the Influence of Real Factors

DC commutator motors excited by permanent magnets, are still widely used in controlled electric drives of various systems due to their high energy and mass-dimensional characteristics. In this regard, the problem of optimal design of these motors remains relevant. One way to optimize the mass-dimensional, energy and dynamic characteristics of DC commutator motors excited by permanent magnets is to simulate transients. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a dynamic model of a DC motor exited by permanent magnets, based on a system of differential equations of a DC machine. In this system, to account for the effect of the switching armature reaction on the resulting airgap flux, as well as to account for the effect of saturation on the inductance of the armature along the cross axis, it is proposed to use a nonlinear magnetization curve of a DC machine approximated by a hyperbolic function. The results of the modelling established the ability of the model proposed and the possibility of its application to optimize the dynamic, energy and mass-dimensional parameters of DC motors exited by permanent magnets.