Renewable Energy Sources and Electric Vehicle for Optimal Energy Management of Micro Grids with the Aim of CO2 Emission Reduction

with increasing issues about global warming and the depletion of fossil fuel sources and there is a need for alternative clean energy, the electrification of vehicles in micro grids has emerged as an undeniable alternative to meet current difficulties. As part of micro grid energy management, the system aims to reduce system purchasing costs while meeting all technological limits and meeting environmental requirements. As a result, this study presents a unique approach for effective charging/discharging schedules of electric vehicles in micro grid in order to reduce network purchasing costs while also lowering Carbon dioxide emission by taking into consideration of different kinds of Generating units (i.e., PV, WT, MT, FC and DG). Under the realistic restrictions of EVs and DERs, the influence of electric vehicle aggregation on operating cost, procuring electricity from main networks and air pollution (CO
2
) has been analyzed by using a novel improved whale optimization algorithm. A typical test case is being used to assess the suggested model under two different scenarios. In the assessments, simulation results indicate that the presented approach reduces total cost and carbon dioxide emission significantly. Finally, the obtained results are compared with other optimization techniques.