ARChem: Augmented Reality Based Chemistry LAB Simulation for Teaching and Assessment

This paper introduces an Augmented Reality (AR)-based chemistry (ARChem) lab platform for teaching and assessment. The current in-class lab teaching has several drawbacks such as the high cost of lab materials, physical constraints in lab sizes, and exposure to hazardous materials. Besides, with Covid-19, access to the in-person labs and materials is significantly restricted. This restriction hampers regular lab instruction, self-learning, and hands-on experience. Our ARChem platform stems from the motivation of delivering a similar experience to regular instruction. In addition, ARChem aims to promote learning and advancement by incorporating gaming elements. Also, assessment and evaluation are provided for self-improvement. Our ARChem in-class chemistry lab uses a physical environment and virtual lab equipment and fluids. The environment is based on the AR technique where virtual lab equipment and materials (e.g. fluids and supplies) are overlaid on the physical environment using only mobile devices. To do this efficiently, ARChem provides computationally optimal methods such as simulating multiple bimanual chemistry reactions, low-cost fluid physics in containers, and realistic visualization. We enable a realistic lab environment with minimal hardware constraints attaining high simulation and visual frame rates. This simulation efficiency makes ARChem compatible with a wide range of low-end mobile devices and is accessible to any student. Our ultimate goal is to eliminate the drawbacks of current in-class teaching with a simulation environment and improve remote and asynchronous learning experience especially during an outbreak like Covid-19.