Maritime availability of BDS/GNSS ARAIM in the Arctic

High-integrity navigation as an essential prerequisite of activity is worthy of being investigated in the Arctic, which can be achieved based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). The integrity performance of navigation in the arctic should be analyzed based on Beidou/GNSS in the arctic using Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (ARAIM) technology. Three different harbors in the Arctic were selected to simulate the changes of HPL under different combinations of constellation systems. The average distribution trend of HPL and availability at the polar region is also analyzed by using Stanford University's MASST software. The results show that the combination of two constellation systems can only meet the integrity requirements of ocean or coastal navigation. The availability of ARIAM is further improved using the combination of the three or four constellations, which can meet the high-integrity requirements of the ice navigation in the Arctic. In the case of BDS+Galileo+GLONASS and BDS+Galileo+GPS, the average HPL is 7.69m and 7.63m respectively. Using BDS+Galileo+GLONASS+GPS, its average HPL is 6.26m. All of them meet the requirement of HPL<10m.