A Pattern Reconfigurable Hemispherical Dielectric Liquid Antenna

A pattern reconfigurable hemispherical dielectric resonant antenna (DRA) is proposed in this paper. It combines a solid and a liquid hemispherical DRA in one structure with different sizes. The pattern reconfiguration can be achieved by exciting different modes. The solid DRA with a small size operates with the TE111 mode, which has a conical radiation pattern. The outer liquid DRA with a large size works at the TM
101
with an omnidirectional pattern. It is demonstrated that the proposed antenna has a wider bandwidth from 1.8 GHz to 2.6 GHz for
$\mathrm{S}_{11} < -10\text{dB}$
and can realize a pattern reconfigurable without any active components. This design has great application potential in the mobile communication.