I. Introduction
Nowadays, more than 54 percent of the world’s population are living in urban areas, and by 2050, it is predicted that this rate will reach 66 percent [1]. The rapid population growth along with the increased urbanization have raised a variety of technical, social, economic, and organizational problems, which tend to endanger the economical and environmental sustainability of cities. Hence, the majority of governments have been taking an interest in adopting “smart” concepts, for optimizing the use and exploitation of both tangible (e.g., transport infrastructures, energy distribution networks, and natural resources) and intangible assets (e.g., human capital, intellectual capital of companies, and organizational capital in public administration bodies) [2].