A Stackelberg Game for Relieving Peak Pressure of Power Grid Using Electric Vehicles with V2G Technology

The recent explosive application of electrical equipment has brought a great burden on the power grid, which can easily lead to power shortage and slow down the economic growth. Electric Vehicles(EVs) can be a workable solution with the character of removability and energy storage. In this paper, we study a EV discharging strategy via V2G technology, which aims to release the pressure during peak time. Specifically, we set up the above EV discharging problem as a multi-leader and multi-follower Stackelberg game model. In which the EVs are acted as leaders and charing stations are acted as followers, they are allowed to bid freely in the market. Then, we proved that our proposed Stackelberg game based discharging strategy achieves the property of Nash equilibrium. Besides, the experimental results show that the proposed method can significantly reduce the cost of the charging stations and reduce the electricity demand on the power grid.