I. Introduction
Recently, power systems are moving towards decarbonization measures to mitigate the environmental issues such as global warming, rising seas levels, climate changes etc. This move has been accelerated due to the rise in the fossil fuel depletion & drastic weather changes witnessed across the world. This has led to the engineers and scientists exploring alternative energy supplies like the Solar Photovoltaics (SPVs), wind turbines and various other renewable energy sources which are clean, green, and abundant in supply. However, integrating the Photovoltaics in the ageing power grids can pose new risks such as the seasonal effects, supply security being compromised and the energy capacity of the base load, etc. Recent studies of the microgrids powered by the Photovoltaics have proven that the DC Microgrid (MG) are the modern and promising power grid system due to their seamless interfacing with the renewable energy sources, DC loads and their reliable and efficient energy storage systems [1]. Recently, an increased interest has been noted in this field which has promoted the practical implementation & commercialization of this technology. In comparison to the AC MG, the DC MG does not impose the same frequency throughout its system. The DC MG has simpler power electronic interfaces and therefore, lesser points of potential failures. The power conversion losses are less in the DC MG system in contrast to the AC MG systems as DC MGs employ simple DC-DC converters for their operations whereas the AC MGs must use several rectifiers (AC/DC convertors) and inverters (DC/AC convertors) according to their load demands, etc. In figures 1 and 2, the general configurations of the AC MG and DC MG are illustrated. EMI is relatively lower in the DC grids in contrast to the AC grids due to the switching voltage spikes caused by the rectifier diodes commonly found in the AC grids [2].
General structure of ac mg
General structure of DC mg