Analysis of a fractal small antenna using shorting post and the social spider optimization algorithm

This work presents an applying of the social spider optimization algorithm with combination of two antenna miniaturization techniques, based on the use of a Koch fractal contour and a shorting post connecting the patch and the ground plane, to achieve an outstanding reduction in size and dimensions. The feeding technique is a microstrip line and the matching between the line and the antenna is by inset. The SSO is used to find out the best radius and position of the shorting post and the length of the inset feed. Antenna prototype has been built and the measurements reached a good agreement with the numerical simulation. The resonance frequency of the proposed antenna is reduced from 2.45 GHz to 730 MHz, with a miniaturization about of 70%. The proposed antenna is suitable for applications in the 700–800 MHz frequency range, such as 4G mobile communication systems and broadcast digital TV services.